That's really a recent development. According to this
Federal Reserve document Savings Rates were as high as 14% as recently as the 1970's. Rates were climbing in the 60's, peaked in the 70's (as we came out of a recession) and began a decline that has continued ever since.
Interestingly enough, the last time savings rates went negative was during the Great Depression.
The government has built a system that seriously discourages people from saving. You pay taxes on the money you save, but you get to deduct from your income for some of the money you spend. The system is designed with incentives to spend and penalties for savings.